基于多特征融合条件随机场的人脸图像分割

由于发型、头部姿势、服装、遮挡等现象的多样性,人脸图像分割一直是一个具有挑战性的课题。为了提高复杂背景图像的人脸分割正确性,提出了一种基于多特征融合条件随机场（CRFs）的方法。该模型建立在图模型上,图中的每一个节点对应一个超像素,每一条边缘则连接一对相邻的超像素。使用颜色和纹理特征定义节点的能量函数（一元能量函数）,使用位置信息和相邻超像素之间的差异定义边缘的能量函数（二元能量函数）。分割是通过条件随机场融合节点能量函数和边缘能量函数推理而得。考察了该模型在2个无约束人脸数据库上的分割性能,实验结果表明该方法可以有效地从复杂人脸图像中分割出面部皮肤、头发和背景区域。     

基于C8051F020的高精度电感传感器信号采集模块

针对目前采用多片可编程计数器/定时器8253实现多路高精度电感传感器频率信号采集,易出现丢数问题,提出一种基于C8051F020单片机的多路电感传感器信号采集方案.利用单片机内部计数器和可编程计数器阵列(PCA)为传感器配置独立的采集通道,实现传感器信号的同时采集,从而保证数据传输的可靠性.模块以单片机作为核心控制芯片,结合相应软件实现信号采集、数据处理、数据传输、标定存储及显示等功能.该模块已在梯形活塞环基圆高测量仪中得到应用.实验表明该模块采集精度高,稳定性好,扩展性好,满足实际需求.     

基于单片机的时序测试系统设计

针对某特殊应用条件下的时序测试需求,设计了一套基于单片机的测试系统,系统以STC12C2052单片机作为测试的基础硬件,完成逻辑控制、数据采集以及数据处理、测试结果传输等功能,具有结构简单、体积小、性价比高等特点.上位机部分的软件基于VC++6.0设计,主要完成测试数据存储和显示功能.单片机与上位机间通过串口进行通信,经实验证明该系统的测试结果误差较小,工作稳定,完全能够满足实际测试需要,结合上位机能方便的进行历史数据查看和时序波形对比.     

A faulty node detection scheme for wireless sensor networks that use data aggregation for transport

This paper presents a faulty node detection approach for wireless sensor networks that aggregate measurement data on their way toward the sink (base station). The approach is based on the idea of commanding sensor nodes on the aggregation paths to temporarily stop including their readings in the received aggregated readings from their upstream neighbors. The scheme is dependent on the ability of the sink to detect faulty nodes through changes in the received aggregated readings at the sink using a Markov Chain Controller (MCC). The algorithm that is run in the sink uses the MCC to assign a state to each sensor node based on transitions that are triggered by receiving aggregated path readings, and accordingly deduces the nodes that may be faulty. The experimental results show at least 98% detection rate at the cost of reasonable detection delays and generated wireless network traffic. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

离子迁移率测量装置研制及其在不同温、湿度下的变化规律

离子迁移率是直流输电线路离子流场计算的关键参数。为研究不同温、湿度条件下离子流场中的离子迁移率变化规律,在分析推导Gerdien离子迁移率测量原理的基础上,提出了一种在常规Gerdien管传感器两端设置屏蔽电极来抑制外部合成电场对测量区电场畸变效应的方法,研制出一套直流输电线路合成电场离子迁移率测量传感器及测控装置。在人工气候室中,搭建了直流输电线路离子流场模拟试验平台,对测量装置的适用性进行了验证。试验表明:常温常湿条件下正、负离子迁移率分别为1.25 cm2/(V·s)和1.59 cm2/(V·s);温度变化范围为10~40℃、湿度变化范围为3~25 g/m3时,正、负离子平均迁移率呈现出随温度增大而减小,随绝对湿度增大而减小并趋于饱和的变化规律,满足指数变化的拟合公式。分析指出:轻、重离子浓度比例变化与离子的水合反应程度为其变化原因。该研究工作可为直流输电线路离子流场的准确预测提供参考。     

A data privacy protective mechanism for wireless body area networks

As an important branch of wireless sensor networks, wireless body area networks (WBAN) has attracted widespread attention in various fields because of its portability and mobility. However, because much of the data collected by WBAN are related to personal information of the user, the sensitive private data may be at risk of leakage or malicious modification in the actual process of application and deployment. In order to assure the security and privacy of user's data in the environment of WBAN, this paper presents a Data Privacy Protective Mechanism for WBAN. In order to secure data and secure transmission, this mechanism combines symmetric key with an asymmetric key to transmit user's data. Then, it cuts and reorganizes the data in the process of transmission to better capture defense and the attacks of the nodes. Ultimately transmits the user's data securely under the condition that the data collected by the nodes are confidential and secure. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

聚丙烯绝缘材料电导特性与空间电荷研究

为考察聚丙烯作为直流电缆绝缘材料在电气性能上的的可行性,选用等规聚丙烯材料制备测试试样,通过差示扫描量热法测试熔融温度(165℃)和结晶温度(111℃),针对击穿特性、强场电导和空间电荷分布与电荷的消散等电气性能对聚丙烯材料进行测试。击穿强度测试发现:其交流击穿强度明显低于直流击穿强度,交流击穿强度数据的的分散性相对于直流击穿要好。强场电导特性测试发现:在3.3 kV/mm电场下当温度升高到90℃时,材料的强场电导明显升高,达到室温时的2倍。空间电荷实验结果表明聚丙烯在较低的电场强度(10、20 kV/mm)下未出现明显的空间电荷,而在电场强度达到50 kV/mm时,出现了明显的异极性空间电荷。将试样上下电极短接进行短路发现,10、20 kV/mm下加压0.5 h后,经过0.5 h短路放电,试样内部的空间电荷几乎释放完全。而在50 kV/mm下加压0.5 h后,经过1.5 h的短路时间仍然看到试样内部驻留着大量的异极性空间电荷。     

基于模拟电荷法的变电站工频电场仿真分析

随着供电需求的增大,超高压变电站越来越接近公众活动区域,变电站站内的电场分布情况也显得越来越重要。本文提出改进的模拟电荷法,推导了带电体周围的工频电场计算公式。通过对500k V变电站进行模型建立及简化,编程计算出站内离地1.5m处的工频电场强度;采用CDEGS软件对重庆某500k V变电站进行仿真计算,将仿真结果和实测值与本文算法的计算结果进行对比,验证了本文算法的正确性与有效性。最后选取该变电站内三条路径,计算分析该处工频电场强度的分布情况,为深入研究变电站的工频电场分布提供参考。     

用于现场老化交联聚乙烯电力电缆的降解评估参数

The cables are more likely to deteriorate after several years of service in Shanghai,a city with a humid climate and abundant rainfall.Before assessing the aging status of those cables,it is critical to present effective test parameters which are sensitive to the aging process under special field conditions.Therefore,we have performed water tree investigation,tensile test,and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)test on hundreds of cable samples removed from service.A large number of typical bowtie water trees were found in cable insulation and the water tree content was proposed to characterize the degree of water treeing.Based on Arrhenius Equation and equivalent thermal history parameters estimated from DSC profiles,we also proposed a new parameter ln(t/τθ)to characterize the aging status of cable insulation,Where,t is treated duration andτθis the thermal life under treated temperature.The applicabilities of water tree content,tensile strength,and ln(t/τθ)are tested using the analysis of variance(ANOVA).Then we investigated the relationship between the tensile strength and the water tree content using regression analysis,and analyzed the relationship between ln(t/τθ)and the tensile strength.The results indicated that each of these parameters performs differently with cables which experienced different degrees of age related degradation,and can be used to identify the aging status of field aged cables.The tensile strength can reflect the water treeing condition of field aged cables very well as a commonly used functional parameter.Since ln(t/τθ)is strongly related to the tensile strength,it is an effective parameter to characterize the aging status of field aged cable insulation.Using this newly proposed parameter is more time saving because of the convenience in sampling.     

不同形貌冰棱的融化过程及其对覆冰闪络特性的影响

覆冰过程中沿绝缘子串形成的未桥接冰棱和桥接冰柱是造成融冰期绝缘子串发生闪络的主要因素。为此,根据融冰物理过程,研究了冰棱相变过程中水滴喷射对未桥接冰棱闪络的影响。研究发现:水滴喷射过程缩短了冰板间距,改变了冰棱前端的电场分布,是诱发冰板间隙电弧的重要原因。未桥接冰棱受耐受电压值影响,其闪络过程存在沿冰面放电和冰内放电两种形式。桥接冰柱的初始电弧通常出现在冰柱内部气隙处,其融冰闪络路径沿冰柱内部形成贯穿通道。试验结果表明:桥接冰柱发生闪络需要更多的融冰能量来形成贯通通道,而完成击穿过程,因此桥接冰柱的闪络电压值较未桥接冰棱略高。110 kV全尺寸玻璃绝缘子覆冰闪络试验进一步证明,融冰时液滴喷射会形成沿冰棱和水滴路径的闪络通道。综合以上结论认为,融冰滴水是导致未桥接冰棱较桥接冰柱更易发生闪络的重要因素。